Recently, favorable results of minimally invasive spinal surgery have been reported in comparison to the open decompression or fusion surgery. Biportal endoscopic spine surgery (BESS) has several benefits and Indications for BESS are nearly identical to those for general open spinal surgery. However, it remains a challenging procedure even for an experienced endoscopic surgeon. because it takes a a long operation time while early learning period. If the operation time is prolonged, the advantages of endoscopic surgery are reduced and the incidence of complications can be increased. Therefore, we will investigate the factors affecting the operation time and how to minimize it before and during operation.

Purpose
of Study: Purpose of this study is to summarize the technique of UBE surgery in lumbar interbody fusion and review the clinical outcomes and complications of UBE surgery in lumbar interbody fusion.
Materials and Methods
Medical databases were searched for the key words of unilateral biportal endoscopic surgery and lumbar spinal stenosis using PubMed from 2005 to the present.
Conclusion
UBE spinal surgery is a new technique that can be a feasible alternative and an effective treatment modality for spinal degenerative diseases and can achieve the necessary surgical skills for experienced microscopic surgeons, which is still expanding the indications for lumbar spinal surgery.

Purpose
of study: The purpose of this study is to understand the biomechanics of interspinous devices in lumbar spinal surgery and to review the effectiveness of the devices for lumbar spinal stenosis through recent related articles.
Materials and Methods
Medical databases were searched for the key words of interspinous device and lumbar spinal stenosis using PubMed from 2010 to the present.
Results
Several studies have shown sustained symptomatic improvements after interspinous device insertion. However, most of the prospective, randomized, double-blinded studies have shown that it is not superior to conventional laminectomy from a statistical perspective. Furthermore, interspinous device insertion has been shown to have a higher reoperation rate and to be less cost effective.
Conclusions
A large prospective cohort study with a longer follow-up period comparing decompressive surgery alone versus interspinous device insertion for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis is needed to conclusively determine whether the interspinous device is beneficial.

Neurological complications related to spinal surgery are not common, but can result in catastrophic clinical failures. The ultimate goal during the operation should be to try to reduce and prevent a severe neurologic complication by careful preoperative planning and attention to trivial details related to the patients and their pathologies. It is very critical and important to understand the potential neurological complications that can occur during the operation and to manage them if they should happen. In our review article, general principles associated with various neurologic complications are reviewed and discussed.